Leadership Essay Example for Free

Leadership Essay The importance in developing greatness and achieving success lies within the ability to carry out Level 5 leadership. It is evident that companies who are Level 5 leaders have prospered greatly and attained stock returns at least 3 times the markets (Collins, 2005). Taking this into consideration those companies who did not possess level 5 leaders were able to achieve success only for a period of time but failed to sustain it any longer than that. Humility and will are behaviours that make up the qualities of a level 5 leader and their importance lies in the fact that having this quality either can make or break a company. Over many years, out of a large number of companies that were researched, only a small number of them truly sustained their growth and this came down to whether or not the leaders of these Fortune 500 companies sat atop the hierarchy or whether they lacked the level 5 trait. There are also implications for todays management and the issue of whether executives need to plan for the future and weigh the costs against the benefits of certain projects. Workplace branding is also an important factor that needs to be taken into consideration by Level 5 leaders as they have huge potential to influence their organizations brand. Furthermore, level 5 leadership is an attribute that can be developed but is not for everyone. Analysis Leadership is a significant element in any business as without it, a business is doomed to fail right from the start. Having a strong leader can eliminate disputes and internal problems. A company must have internal strength before it can be strong enough to outperform the general market. Humility in a Level 5 Leader We can characterize a level 5 leader by many unique traits however, the two most important according to Jim Collins is humility and will. Collins depicts these leaders as modest and willful, shy and fearless (Collins, 2005). Jim Collins defines a level 5 leader as an executive in whom genuine personal humility blends with intense professional will (Collins, 2005). He describes a hierarchy where level 5 leaders sit on the top and exhibit these tendencies while working in professional frameworks supported by effective teamwork. Since a level 5 leader is said to have both humility and will, level 5 leaders exhibit a twofold quality, therefore, humility is positively acknowledged as a quality of successful leaders. Humility is a key aspect to level 5 leadership and those that emboss this quality often credit others, external factors, and good luck for their companies success (Collins, 2005). These types of leaders, when commenting on their company success will praise the employees for contributing their skills and efforts to its triumph and shy away from giving themselves attention. According to a report, a leader who has humility is unlikely to impose their own personal vision on others and is more likely to admit any flaw in their own vision (Lawrence, 2006). Instead of crediting themselves and their own efforts they exhibit a type of nature that allows them to recognize others. Leaders with humility dont seek success for their own gloryand theyre first to accept blame for mistakes (Mind Tools Ltd. , 2013). Level 5 leaders possess the seed (Collins, 2005) which is a quality that allows them to subjugate to something larger than themselves (Collins, 2005). This is a powerful virtue and one that sets those companys who succeed apart from those that fail. Those leaders that possess humility managed to transition their companies from good to great. We have seen in comparison companies that failed to do this, their downfall was their lack in humility. As a result, we can make the connection that humility is necessary to a companys success. A company is a network of people who work as a team and leaders that display humbleness towards their employees, by taking responsibility when things go wrong and recognizing the team for their hard work, will reach eminent success. Companies that exhibited this kind of behaviour included Kroger Co, Kimberly-Clark, and Gillette to name a few, while others such as AP, Scott Paper, and Bank of America were comprised of leaders that were self centered. It is evident that these types of leaders led their company to destruction especially during the 2007 to 2008 crisis. In this case and every other, humility matters [because] chaos could have been averted if appointment committees had recruited Level 5 leaders (Mind Tools Ltd. , 2013). Collins was able to change the worlds view about what makes a great leader which many thought was charisma and personality. The mistake most of these comparison companies made was believing that level 5 leaders gentle and shy nature would bring them down when in reality, those characteristics are what brought them to the top. Comparison company leaders felt that charisma and forwardness was the way to the top of the hierarchy however, they soon found out this was not the key to success. Other important characteristics that mold a level 5 leader is discipline, determination, and integrity. While most people believe that having an extreme personality is necessary, they fail to recognize that these traits are what makes up some peoples personalities, which is what makes them great leaders. Jim Collins emphasized Darwin Smith in this respect; a man with iron will (Collins, 2005) and one that never stopped having faith in the success of his company. There arises a compelling need for leadership in a business and this need stems from the desire to grow and achieve higher goals [which] never develops, (Martin, 1999) if there is no potent leader in place. Corporate Changes in Leadership As only 11 Fortune 500 companies flourished to greatness, the attributes each company possessed in similarities was Level 5 leadership. These 11 companies that made Collins list averaged returns 6. 9 times greater than the markets, (Collins, 2001) doubling the returns of their rivals. There have been many attempts to change a corporate vision by changing leadership however, setting a new direction has not shown anticipated results nor has articulating a fresh corporate vision (Collins, 2001). The mistake most companies have made is focusing more on the direction of the business rather than the people implementing the strategy. World leaders have sought to take advantage of this unique approach by having the right people on the management team and then divulging into the what question many have asked. Having a company comprised of the right people is the most important step because these types of people can adapt to changing circumstances rather than having to adapt the companys direction to match the teams vision. What leaders such as Darwin Smith did, was develop a hedgehog concept where they can simplify a complex world into a single, organizing idea (Collins, 2001) and take their company to new lengths. Kimberly-Clark Kimberly Clark, a paper company, was one of these that had remained successful after experiencing a change in leadership. With Darwin E. Smith in position to act as CEO, the company was transformed into the giant success that it is today. Initially, Kimberly-Clark was just like any other old paper company that was considered good but not great. All that changed when Darwin Smith became CEO in 1971. This man was credited with turning Kimberly-Clark into an innovative consumer products powerhouse (Anshuman, 2005). The first step to its transformation was the elimination of the Kimberly-Clark mills. Many people were skeptical about the move but Darwins determination allowed the company to overcome its rivals and beat the market. It was his strength and leadership that paved the way for its transformation. Anshuman mentions in his blog that Smith made sure his leadership team consisted of those people that met his standards and separated them from those who did not (2005, October 22). By building strength within the company first, Darwin was able to create strength externally as well, which gave the company an advantage and allowed it to expand geographically. Furthermore, Darwin pushed his efforts towards strengthening the companys position in the tissue segment of the paper industry (Anshuman, 2005). It was evident that these newly implemented strategies were thriving since stockholders experienced returns of 19. 6% annually (Anshuman, 2005) and it was his qualities of crediting others for the companys success that truly brought it to greatness. Before Darwin, Kimberly-Clarks CEO was headed in the wrong direction as its stock had fallen 36% behind the general market, (Collins, 2005) and this was no small number. The reason for this fall was because the companys leadership team was not focused on its main operations and the areas that would bring the company to greatness which in turn caused Kimberly-Clark to fall short. This downfall was brought by Kimberly-Clarks failure to keep up with early disposable diaper improvements and market innovations (Funding Universe, n. d. ). Clearly Smith had the right idea when he took the initiative to merge with Scott Paper. After its transformation, Kimberly Clark was generating stock returns 4. 1 times greater than the general markets (Collins, 2005). Kimberly-Clark became the leading consumer paper products company in the world, (Collins, 2005) outperforming not only the market but even other giant, well known, companies such as Hewlett-Packard, General Electric, and Coca-Cola. Kimberly-Clark was on Collins list because the company was able to sustain greatness after they had attained it for the first time. Smith succeeded in making Kimberly-Clark a great company and this was possible because he had the qualities of a level 5 leader. It is duly noted that transforming a company from good to great is not an easy task but those leaders holding this paradoxical combination of traits, (Collins, 2005) those of humility and professional will, have the ability to achieve this prominence. What Kimberly-Clarks team and other great companies did was not starting something new but essentially taking the action to stop doing something they have done for many years. To discontinue a main part of their business is what led them to become great. For Kimberly-Clark, that meant it would have to stop doing paper mills, (Collins, 2001) for other companies it may mean eliminating unnecessary or time consuming strategies. This company did not achieve success over night or by some miracle but through simplicity and diligence (Collins, 2001). Kroger Co Kroger Co, a grocery store chain, was normally seen as an average company or nothing out of the ordinary until it dramatically transformed and started racking up large returns. When it broke free of its mediocrity to beat the stock market by 4. 16 times, (Collins, 2001) it continued its rally and in a 15 year period Kroger outperformed the market by 10 times (Collins, 2001). Before this occurred however, Kroger was run by leaders that were less likely to succeed and turn the company around to sustainability. From the early years, Kroger was a successful company because its strategy emphasized customer wants and needs rather than the organizations itself, although for the first 80 years it was nothing more than average. However, a main reason for Krogers experienced growth lay in its acquisitions such as the one with Dillon Companies Inc. in 1983 which smoothed Krogers transition into [becoming] a coast-to-coast operator of food, drug and convenience stores (The Kroger Company, 2013). During the time of this acquisition, Lyle Everingham was CEO of Kroger and his leadership skills led the company to utilize extensive consumer research to focus on meeting customer needs first, rather than on what suited Kroger best, (Zwiebach, 2008) which is the vision Kroger initially set out in the beginning and proved to be successful. The acquisition with Dillon was not the most significant either but it was Krogers merger with Fred Meyer that developed the companys geographic culture as well as created the widest variety of formats in the foot retailing industry (The Kroger Company, 2013). This merger under the direction of the next CEO, Joseph A. Pichler, created a major buzz and resulted from his outward looking perspective. All of these leaders possessed the skills that allowed them to sustain the growth in the business which was seen in the many years Kroger beat the stock market. Following the years of average performance, the leaders from there on in all had something in common; they were all level 5 leaders who contributed their own efforts to continuing Krogers growth and from 1973 to 1998, Kroger outperform the market by 10 times (Collins, 2001). 1973 was Krogers turning point and leaders realized that the current model was going to continue demonstrating average performance so they took the initiative and began eliminating, changing or replacing every single one of its stores (Thill, 2003) to fit new certainties. The common link between these companies was their approach: a down-to-earth, pragmatic, committed-to-excellence process (Collins, 2001). In other words, this framework kept successful companies on the right path and molded them into their strong counterparts that were able to uphold their greatness. The changes in leadership that these companies experienced resulted in momentum change where this increase in energy encouraged them to keep going and carrying it on with greater velocity until exceptional results were produced.

Poverty and the Welfare State

Poverty and the Welfare State Poverty and the Welfare State. Question 1 Describe critically Murrays analysis of the underclass. How does the population in the USA characterized by his use of this term differ from that in Britain. Question 2 In an essay of no more than 1000 words, outline and critically evaluate the view that the Welfare State tends to create more poverty than it has the ability to solve. your essay must include examples of state policies as well as consider the different ideologies of welfare in Britain Question 1. Murrays articles in the Times magazine in 1989 which outlined his thesis concerning the emergence of an underclass in the UK similar to the one he had already identified in the US has been one of the more controversial texts in social policy recently (Murray, 1989, 1990). Murrays central thesis is that the welfare state through the provision of benefits to unmarried mothers and the cessation of those benefits should these women marry has the effect of removing fatherhood and the influence thereof a father figure from the lives of these children (Murray, 1989). They in turn become dependent upon welfare and so a class of people is formed outside of the norms of wage earning society dependent wholly on the state for support (Murray, 1989). Before we discuss some of the criticisms of this view it is worth noting the peculiarities and differences between Murrays thesis as it relates to the US and the UK. In the first instance Murrays work in the UK is much less racialised than his identification of the population in the US (Murray, 1984). In the case of the US Murrays thesis and identification of the population comprising the majority of the underclass has been that it is a Black population. Murray then identified single black mothers as forming the core of the underclass. While this was a feature certainly still of his analysis of the British underclass it was not as strikingly so as his British version however the later versions of his thesis on the UK underclass also took on these racial overtones, (Murray, 1994). Murray can be criticized on any number of grounds but perhaps some of the most devastating criticisms can be found when we consider research which is actually undertaken on those who constitute the underclass rather than abstract theorizing about the underclass which denotes much of the vague definitions of what the underclass is meant to be (Alcock 1997). In this regard recent work by Edwards and Duncan (1997) for example has demonstrated the degree to which the stereotypes of the composition of the underclass do not match the realities of the lives involved. In their study of single women with children and their uptake of paid work they found that black single mothers living in positively regarded underclass areas (inner city areas of London for example) were more likely to seek work and to regard working themselves as being beneficial for their children (Edwards and Duncan, 1997:33). This was in contrast to single mothers from less predominantly underclass areas that held traditio nal views about rearing their children. These views emphasised the importance of caring for their children through being at home with them rather than outside the home in employment. Consequently the members of this group were much less likely to have work or to seek work or see work as a good. Thus the image of black single mothers creating an underclass through their rejection of a work ethic would seem to be unfounded. Thus even in this small instance fatal flaws in Murrays thesis can be identified, ultimately it can be said that the very vagueness of the definitions of what constitutes the underclass in the literature can it be argued be seen to be reflective of the fact that an identifiable object such as the underclass is impossible to define and serves merely as a critique of welfare arrangements and a moral attack on the nature of those who are marginalized by society. Question 2. With the collapse of communist states across the world in the 1980s a major perceived competitor to the market economy was removed with some like Fukuyama proclaiming it to be the end of history and the triumphant victory of liberalism (Fukuyama, 1992). In the UK as in other European countries of course the welfare state has mediated against the evils of capitalism as set out by Beveridge for some time, serving as Marxists had argued as a bribe of the working class and ensuring the legitimization and continuation of the welfare state (Mishra, 1990). It is not surprising then with all the past attacks on the nature of the welfare state to note that with the end of history there has come a renewed assault on the welfare state in the UK. Criticisms of the welfare state have come from both the left and the right but also crucially from the middle way of social democratic viewpoints. Almost consistent research has demonstrated the failure of the welfare state in reducing relative levels of poverty; in fact the UK today has a divide between rich and poor which is increasing quicker than at any other time in the history of the welfare state (Hills and Stewart, 2005). Thus it has become an almost consistent feature of debate that the welfare state has failed but the reasons given for this failure are completely oppositional. The two most prominent sources of these reasons have been neo-liberalists and social democratic parties. For neo-liberalists the evils of the welfare state far outweigh the evils of the free market so in discussing the view that the welfare state creates poverty it is worth recounting their views on the failings of the welfare state. At the core of many of the arguments thus against the welfare state are notions of desert. Desert is seen as a principle of morals and thus the failings of the welfare state in this respect is a moral failure which in turn leads to the moral turpitude of those the welfare state attempts to help (Lavalette and Pratt, 1997). This moral attack on the poor and the perceived institutions which has lead to their poverty is of course nothing new (Thane, 1992). Since the Poor Law state welfare arrangements have been criticized for the creation of a mentality which is seen to encourage indolence and decrease motivation towards self-sufficiency. The reliance on welfare thus leads to unwillingness to seek work. This in turn has the effect of leading to increased taxation to support those unwilling to work. This then in turn leads to increased difficulties for employers in terms of paying higher salaries to counter higher taxation and so on into a vicious cycle of dependency (Hayek, 1990). Such a trend it is argues lay at the heart of the Oil Crises and the subsequent retrenchment of the welfare state in the UK and elsewhere. Thus for the neo-liberal critique it is the totality of the welfare state which not only fails in reducing poverty but also serves to in fact create more. It does this both in a structural sense by hindering the effective operation of the market but also by creating in those who are recipients of welfare a mentality which causes them to retreat from the fundamental basics of economic life in seeking employment. Thus for neo-liberals measures such as Income Maintenance support schemes serve to create a duality of factors leading to the increase of poverty. Reform of the welfare state for neo-liberalists must be done so that only the bare minimum of services are required for those who are truly in need, such as the young, aged or infirm, (Fitzpatrick, 2001). Amidst these criticisms the welfare state in the UK has undergone revisions also from its social collectivist roots. This may be surprising but we can view this a response to critiques of the welfare state from both left and right and hence theyre emerged consequently an articulation of a Third Way, (Giddens, 1994). This Third Way was to be a radical re-conceptualisation of the basis and functions of the welfare state. As such then it can be seen that New Labour in particular has followed in the footsteps of Thatcher towards reforming the welfare state. But how effective have these reforms been and what is their basis? Perhaps the most potent of these transformations has been in a shift away from the universalism of the early welfare state to a new selectivitist philosophy. Selectivism entails the targeting of benefits through such measures as means-testing and other income threshold schemes so as that ideally those that need it the most benefit from the specified arrangement (Lowe, 2005). If anything their effect on the poorest has been marginal as these people are already in receipt of benefits and the introduction of means tests has had little impacts. Instead a stealth reform of the welfare state has occurred and those who were on the margins, previously covered by the benefit are now excluded on the basis of their income being over thresholds, even if this is just marginal, (Esping-Anderson, 2002). Thus we can argue that this selectivist based reform of the welfare state has worsened life for many by removing the safety net for all that existed previously under a universalist system. What this means in other words is that the Third Way of Labour has in actuality enhanced and widened the gaps between rich and poor and made the effects of poverty worse their reforms in favour of making the welfare state more effective. The pace and scale of the gap and its widening between rich and poor can be considered in this light. Indeed this notion of effectiveness found in much of social policy discourse can often be seen as simply cost-cutting exercises. The effects of which are leading to a situation where it is arguable that we have now seen neo-liberalism by the back door with major consequences for UK policy treatment of both poverty itself and those living in poverty. References Alcock, P. (1997); Understanding Poverty, Palgrave, Basingstoke UK Edwards, R. and Duncan S. (1997); Supporting the Family: Lone Mothers, Paid Work and the Underclass Debate; Critical Social Policy, Vol.7 No. 4 Esping-Anderson, G. (2002); Why We Need a New Welfare State, Oxford University Press, Oxford UK Fitzpatrick, T. (2001); Welfare Theory: An Introduction, Palgrave, Basingstoke UK Fukuyama, F. (1992); The End of History and the Last Man, Penguin, New York US Giddens, A. (1994); Beyond Left and Right: The Future of Radical Politics, Stanford University Press, California US Hayek, F.A.V. (1990); Economic Freedom, Blackwell, Oxford UK Hills, J. and Stewart, K. (2005); A More Equal Society, Policy Press, Bristol UK Lavalette, M. and Pratt, A. (1997); Social Policy: A Theoretical and Conceptual Introduction, Sage, London UK Lowe, R. (2005); The Welfare State in Britain since 1945, Palgrave, Basingstoke UK Mishra, R. (1990); The Welfare State in Capitalist Society, Harvester Wheatsheaf, New York US Murray, C. (1984); Losing Ground: American Social Policy 1950-1980, Basic Books, New York Murray, C. (1989); Underclass; Sunday Times Magazine, 26th November Murray, C. (1990), The Emerging British Underclass, IEA, London UK Murray, C. (1994); Underclass: The Crisis Deepens; The Sunday Times, 29th May Thane, P. (1982); The Foundations of the Welfare State, Longman, London UK

Letter from a Birmingham Jail and The Declaration of Individualism :: Letter from Birmingham Jail

Letter from a Birmingham Jail and The Declaration of Individualism Although the time periods and goals may be different the method for bringing about change is usually the same, this method is protest. This method is supported by two different people, in two different time periods, with two different goals; these two people are Thomas Jefferson and Martin Luther King Junior. Martin Luther King Junior's letter from a Birmingham Jail was an expression of his encouragement for protest against tradition and established laws and a justification for his actions. King, a leader of a civil-rights group that supported protest against traditional views, encouraged protesting against tradition and established laws that are unjust. In his letter from Birmingham Jail King states: "It was illegal to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler's Germany. Even so, I am sure that, had I lived in Germany at that time, I would have aided and comforted my Jewish brothers. If today I lived in a Communist country where certain principles dear to the Christian faith are suppressed, I would openly advocate disobeying that country's anti-religious laws." This excerpt shows that King encourages protest because in some situations he deems it necessary, be it in Hitler's Germany, a Communist country, or any situation in which injustices are occurring. In the last sentence of the excerpt King openly admits that he would protest against established laws or traditions. King was against the traditional views and unjust laws, which discriminated against him and his fellow people. He felt that the only way that these unjust laws and traditional beliefs would ever change would be by means of protest. He felt that without protest the laws and traditions would remain the same forever. Along with encouraging protest, King's letter was also a justification of his actions. The letter was written to his fellow clergymen to explain his prior actions and to attempt to justify them. In the letter he tried to explain to the clergy that his actions although illegal were justified and appropriate for the situation. He expressed that he exhausted every other option possible and direct action was the only available option left, which could make a difference. Similarly to King's letter from Birmingham Jail, The Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson to encourage the protest of established laws and justify possible actions. But unlike King, Jefferson also encouraged individualism in his declaration. His views are distinctly stated in the first sentence of The Declaration of Independence: "When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to

Majority or Minority Influence :: Politics, Compliance, Conversion

This essay concerns social influence in general. Aspects of social influence as such as majority influence and minority influence will be discussed in terms of their underlying psychological processes and how they differ. Majority influence or conformity refers to the desire to belong or to fit in within a particular group which involves adopting certain attributes, behaviour and attitudes of a particular group. As a result individuals consequently experience group pressure (in Baron, Branscombe & Byrne 2008). Minority influence on the other hand, refers to the influence that the minority exert over the majority in that the majority come to accept the beliefs and behaviours of a minority (in Baron et al. 2008). A considerable body of research has been injected into the nature and impact of both majority and minority influences. Moscovici (1980 in Hogg and Vaughan 2007) claimed that both majorities and minorities exert influence in different ways. One psychological process underlying majority influence is through direct public compliance. The dual-process dependency model which was postulated by Deutsch and Gerard, (1955 in Hogg and Vaughan 2007) proposes two important motives for conformity: normative social influence and informational social influence. Normative social influence refers to the need to be accepted and approved by society. This involves individuals to modify their behaviours and to adopt new/current ones that are associated with the particular social group so that they are not rejected (in Hogg & Vaughan 2007). An example of this situation can be reflected in Asch’s (1956 in Baron et al. 2008) study of conformity in which participants conformed to the majority group but at the same time maintained their own private opinions and disagreed. This process is known as compliance (in Bailey, J.et al. 2008). The second motive that explains why people conform according to Deutsch and Gerard, (1955) is based on informational social influence. According to Festinger, (1950, 1954 in Hogg & Vaughan 2007) this type of influence is associated with uncertainty. Here individuals are uncertain and lack knowledge as to how to behave in certain situations. Festinger referred to this as social comparison in which individuals are not fully confident about their beliefs, attitudes and opinions and therefore yield to majority in order to be correct. This occurs particularly under ambiguous conditions and is clearly demonstrated in Asch’s (1956 in Hogg and Vaughan 2007) and Sherif’s (1936 in Hogg and Vaughan 2007) studies in which participants converged on similar answers particularly when the tasks became extremely difficult for them to be able to rely on their own judgments (in Bailey et al.

The Scarlet Letter :: Essays Papers

The Scarlet Letter In this novel Hester Prynee is represented in several different ways. Before this story starts she was sent to Boston by her husband (Roger Chillingworth) who was supposed to be meeting her there shortly. He never makes it, she assumes he died at sea. While in Boston she meets Rev. Dimmesdale she has an affair with him and gets pregnent. He then starts to ignore her. Months later when everyone finds out about her illegitimate daughter (Pearl) and that she is un married. She is looked upon with great sin. When she is first introduced into the novel she is in the prison. She emerges wearing an elaborately emroidered scarlet letter â€Å"A† (meaning adultery) on her breast, and carries her 3 month old infant in her arms. She is led onto the scaffold where she has to stand in fron of the whole town as part of her punishment. While on the scaffold she has flashbacks of her old life, this is where we first learn about the real Hester Prynne. The rest of her punishment is that she has to wear the scarlet â€Å"A† for the rest of her life. The Rev. Mr. Dimmesdale pleads with Hester to tell the name of the man she had a sexual affair with, but she will not. After the 3 hours she is lead back to the prison with Pearl. At this point in the novel we learn that back in England Hester was married to a man, Roger Chillingworth. This man is now in Boston and comes to visit Hesters prison cell. Hester and Dimmesdale discuss who is at fault for her affair. He admits that he will find the father though. When Hester is released from prison she has the choice to go anywhere in the world, but she chooses to stay in Boston where she commited her sin and where she will have her punishment. She starts sewing and sells her garments but puritan society never accepts her. Believes â€Å"A† allows her to see sinful and immoral feelings in other people. Hesters strength is most seen when she goes to the Governers mansion to plead for her daughter. In the following years Hester and Dimmesdale start speaking again. Now you will be able to see her weaker side.She falls in love with him all over, they plan to leave Boston and move to Bristol, England and live the rest of their lives there. But they never make it, When Hester dies she is burried next to Dimmesdale. Physically Hester at the begining of the novel is a tall young woman with a figure of

Corprate strategy

We will soon enter a phase of strong competition in fixed services and we expect similar benefits to flow as result,† said Mohammad AY Change, Director General of the TRAP. Matthew Reed, an analyst at Informal Telecoms and Media, welcomed the decision. â€Å"It means that we finally have competition in the fixed broadband market in the I-JAW for the first time,† he said.But he believes that prices are unlikely to fall for consumers in the short term. â€Å"l think they will avoid a price war. They will probably try to compete on packages, higher internet speeds at the same price,† he said. â€Å"As a consumer, overall you should have more competition, which means there will be better opportunities available. † Meanwhile, the leaders of both distillates and du welcomed the move. â€Å"Distillates has always believed that competition is a win-win situation for all as it energies operators to excel and stimulates telecommunications advancement in the countryà ¢â‚¬ ¦We are fully prepared for a more competitive landscape in the AJAX,† Eased AY Hamlin, CEO of distillates, said. Ottoman Sultan, CEO of du, added: â€Å"We are equally pleased about the opportunity to provide consumers and businesses across the AAU a choice in their selection of a fixed line services provider. † – Gulf News y Facts Mission Statement: Our guiding mission is to deliver superior quality products and services for our customers and communities through leadership, innovation and partnerships.Our Vision: Our vision is to be the quality leader in everything we do. History: The TLD Group Corp†¦ Is the licensing company for Tim Horton franchises presently operating in Canada and the United States. The Tim Horton chain of restaurants began in 1964. Ron Joyce was originally the franchisee of Store #1, located in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. By 1967, he and Tim Horton became full partners in the many and after Time's tragic death in a car accident in February of 1974, Ron Joyce became the sole owner.Distribution: Five warehouse distribution centers, located in Gullah, Ontario; Calgary, Alberta; Debit (Tour), Nova Scotia; Kingston, Ontario; and Lauderdale (Langley), British Columbia presently service the Tim Horton stores across Canada and the U. S. A fleet of decorated trucks deliver food and supplies from our distribution centers to the stores.

Competencies Differences Between ADN and BSN Essay

Florence Nightingale was a nurse who started the nursing training programme in 1860 after the Crimean War. During that war, a lot of women committed themselves to give care for the sick and dying soldiers. The success in their work was evidenced by reduction in mortality and improved prognosis among those injured in the war. Nurses became an indispensable part of the military during that time due to their life-saving work. After the war, nurse training schools were established under the Florence Nightingale model in order to use nurses throughout society (Woolsey, 1950; Dock, 1907). In 1873 the first three training schools were established in New York, New Haven, and Boston. Students were able to attain their nursing education and skills training in two to three years. Society began to refer to these nurses as trained nurses as they were among the first to undergo formal schooling for nursing care. In 1912 the American Nurses Association (ANA) focused on obtaining legal recognition for trained nurses. In 1951, nurse educator Mildred Montag started a new two year associates degree program in nursing in order to produce trained nurses who would assist professional, baccalaureate prepared nurses. Her aim was not to replace the baccalaureate degree program with the associate degree program. The American Association of College of Nursing (AACN) believes that education has a significant impact on the knowledge competencies of nurse clinicians. Nurses with bachelors degrees in nursing are well equipped to meet the demand placed on today’s nurse especially because their curriculum places great emphasis on critical thinking. BSN nurses are also trained in case management, health promotion, and this in depth learning makes them highly versatile in that they are able to practice across a variety of inpatient and outpatient settings. Recent studies have indicated that, in the acute care setting, the mortality rate is reduced by the presence of greater numbers of baccalaureate prepared nurses (Aiken, Clarke, Cheung, Sloane & Sliber, 2003; Estabrooks, Midodzi, Cummings, Ricker & Giovanetti, 2005; Tourangeau et al. 2006). The BSN programme curriculum incorporates â€Å"clinical, scientific decision making and humanistic skill† (Vande Mortel and Bird 2010). The ADN can give efficient bedside care to the patient with their clinical experience, however these nurses are not exposed to the broad spectrum education that baccaulareate nurses experience. Thus, ADNs do not have a basis on which to implement wholistic care measures, and their knowledge base for critical thinking is limited—not due to their mental capacity, but because of the width and depth of their accelerated curriculum. In these days the health care is expanding and globalizing, thus, the demands placed on the nurse have grown and become more complex. Nurses therefore must have the appropriate knowledge base to bring about optimal outcomes in their patients. The American Association of colleges of nursing (AACN) recognizes the â€Å"bachelor of science degree in nursing as the minimum educational requirement for professional nursing practice† (AACN 2000, para 2). BSN prepared nurses are prepared in assertive and professional communication, patient/family education, critical thinking, and implementing measures based on a wholistic perspective. BSN focuses on a broader picture and thus an approach to nursing that places more emphasis on critical thinking. In the United States, associate degree graduates are working in a health care system that is rapidly growing and changing. So they can study while working in order to improve their degree standing to a bachelors or masters degree. This would advance not only their knowledge base, but their competency in nursing practice. Thus, patient outcomes could improve in their nursing setting. Moreover, many institutions have financial support in place to assist the working student nurse. This lessens the burden of attending school and benefits the institution. According to a study published by Dr. Betty Rambur and her colleagues, in the July/August 2003 issue of Nursing Outlook, increasing the proportion of baccalaureate prepared nurses in the registered nursing population may be essential to stabilizing the nursing workforce. Nurses prepared at the BSN level were also found to have higher levels of job satisfaction which is key to nursing retention. Effective clinical decision making is the important factor in quality of care. For example, in the clinical area, if we order labs for the patient, a skilled BSN nurse can identify the normal and abnormal lab result and this nurse can critically evaluate what may be wrong with the patient, based not only on the lab result, but much of the information in the patient’s chart. This information would include admission diagnoses, past medical history, family medical history, new complaints, medication effects, etc. A BSN would utilize his or her knowledge of biology, chemistry, psychology, faith and spirituality, etc. in a way that best advocates wholistic care of the patient. So, a patient with a past medical history of a heart attack, current diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF) and an abnormal lab result showing an elevated troponin level is can assess for signs and symptoms of a heart attack, provide nitroglycerine and make arrangements to have the patient placed on telemetry monitoring and/or transferred to a cardiac care unit. This will provide that patient with specialized care that will focus on his risk for myocardial infarction and try to improve his health outcomes. In this same situation, an ADN may not pick up on these cues as quickly and this may delay in good decision making that would affect the patient’s condition. This patient needs care that is intuitive and careful; a critically thinking nurse will be the best person to provide this life-sensitive care. Again, professional knowledge, keen assessment, and critical thinking assist the nurse in making an effective decision. A baccalaureate program in nursing would be well able to equip a nurse for this kind of care. I agree things can be done to improve the professional status of nurses ,but requiring a BSN is not one of them. Its upto all nurses that keep doing continuing education as a part of our practice. Any one can take nursing classes, pass those exams and even they can pass NCLEX exam, but not anyone can be a good nurse.